-
1 Tyer, Edward
[br]b. 6 February 1830 Kennington, London, Englandd. 25 December 1912 Tunbridge Wells, England[br]English railway signal engineer, inventor of electric train-tablet system for the operation of single-line railways.[br]Use of the electric telegraph for the safe operation of railways was first proposed by W.F. Cooke in the late 1830s, but its application to this purpose and the concurrent replacement of the time-interval system of working, by the block system, comprised a matter of gradual evolution over several decades. In 1851 Tyer established a business making electrical apparatus for railways, and the block instruments invented by him in 1855 were an important step forward. A simple code of electric-bell rings (for up trains; for down trains, there was a distinctive gong) was used by one signalman to indicate to another in advance that a train was entering the section between them, and the latter signalman then operated a galvanometer telegraph instrument in the box of the former to indicate "train on line", holding it so until the train arrived.Even more important was the electric train-tablet apparatus. During the 1870s, single-line railways were operated either by telegraphed train orders, misuse of which led to two disastrous head-on collisions, or by "train staff and ticket", which lacked flexibility since no train could enter one end of a section while the train staff was at the other. At the request of Currer, an official of the Caledonian Railway, Tyer designed and produced his apparatus, in which a supply of discs, or "tablets", was contained in two instruments, one located at each end of a section, and linked electrically: only one tablet at a time could be extracted from the instruments, serving as an authority for a train to enter the section from one end or the other.[br]Bibliography1855, British patent no. 2,895 (block instruments). 1861, British patent no. 3,015 (block instruments). 1878, British patent for electric train-tablet apparatus.Further ReadingC.Hamilton Ellis, 1959, British Railway History, Vol. II: 1877–1947, London: George Allen \& Unwin, p. 199 (describes the development of the tablet apparatus).P.J.G.Ransom, 1990, The Victorian Railway and How It Evolved, London: Heinemann, pp. 157–8 and 164 (describes the block instruments and tablet apparatus).PJGR -
2 Land transport
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Austin, HerbertHamilton, Harold LeeIssigonis, Sir Alexander Arnold ConstantineMa JunMorris, William RichardSauerbrun, Charles de -
3 Railways and locomotives
Biographical history of technology > Railways and locomotives
См. также в других словарях:
Northern Counties Committee — The Northern Counties Committee (NCC) was a railway that served the north east of Ireland. It was built to Irish gauge (1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)) but later acquired a number of 914 mm (3 ft) narrow gauge… … Wikipedia
Electric Tablet System — Das Electric Tablet System oder auch Token System ist ein Streckenblock für eingleisige Eisenbahnstrecken. Es wurde von Edward Tyer (1830 1912) entwickelt und im Jahr 1880 patentiert. Da es gegenüber seinen Vorgängern die Betriebssicherheit im… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Earl of Aylesford — Earl of Aylesford, in the County of Kent, is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1714 for the lawyer and politician Heneage Finch. He had already been created Baron Guernsey in the Peerage of England in 1703. Finch was the… … Wikipedia
Samuel Johnson — For other people named Samuel Johnson, see Samuel Johnson (disambiguation). Samuel Johnson LLD MA Samuel Johnson c. 1772, painted by Sir Joshua Reynolds Born … Wikipedia
Origine du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine — L origine du virus de l immunodéficience humaine (VIH) serait simienne selon la théorie la plus communément admise par la communauté scientifique, fondée sur l analyse phylogénétique des lentivirus (famille à laquelle appartient le VIH), qui lie… … Wikipédia en Français
Vince Lombardi — Head Coach/General Manager Personal information Date of birth: June 11, 1913 … Wikipedia
National Christmas Tree (United States) — This article is about the Christmas Tree placed on the Ellipse near the White House. For the Christmas Tree placed inside the White House, see White House Christmas tree. For for the giant Sequoia known as the Nation s Christmas Tree , see… … Wikipedia
Hanukkah bush — A Hanukkah bush is a bush or tree real or simulated that some North American Jewish families display in their homes for the duration of Hanukkah. It may, for all intents and purposes, be a Christmas tree (without any Christian ornaments).… … Wikipedia
List of Old Falconians — This is a list of some of the more prominent Old Falconians who are the alumni of North Sydney Boys High School. The Old Falconians Union is the alumni body of the school. The name Old Falconians is derived from Falcon Street which is the address … Wikipedia
Christmas tree stand — An Austrian Christmas tree stand, just one of the various existing styles A Christmas tree stand is an object designed to support a cut, natural or an artificial Christmas tree. Christmas tree stands appeared as early as 1876 and have had various … Wikipedia
South Carolina — US state Name = South Carolina Fullname = State of South Carolina Flaglink = Flag of South Carolina Nickname = The Palmetto State Motto = Dum spiro spero (Latin; While I breathe, I hope ) Animis opibusque parati (Latin; Ready in soul and resource … Wikipedia
